“Rivers, Oxbow Lakes, Swamps, Estuaries, Marshes
and the Gulf of Mexico ...

A Summer with the Biology Department

Article and Images by Thomas H. Wilson, Ph.D. & Head

President Potts leads Cahaba River trip


Alabama is blessed with tremendous biodiversity nestled in an interesting assortment of natural topography. One could hardly pick a better base camp than Marion for spending a summer experiencing the beauty and excitement of the great outdoors. Judson’s biology program continued its efforts of bringing students and nature together during the Spring and Summer terms with trips to rivers, swamps, marshes, to the Mobile Delta and Bay, and out into the blue green water of the Gulf of Mexico.

 

We had three canoe trips to the Cahaba River where we studied river mussels and numerous aquatic insects as well as identified riverine flora and creeping members of the fauna. Dr. Randy Haddock, Field Director of the Cahaba River Society, joined us on one trip where we managed to identify eight species of river mussels, including the largest mussel on the river, the Washboard Mussel, Megalonaias nervosa. We also collected Yellow Sandshells, Ebonyshells, and the Alabama Heelsplitter mussels. Dr. Haddock is an authority on Cahaba River mussels and students are routinely amazed and amused at his accounts of the reproductive biology of these strange and important bivalves.

Dr. Haddock teaches Judson students about mussels
Judson students seining on the Cahaba River Cahaba fish are studied by Judson students

Wild Turkeys, Indigo Buntings, Crested Kingfishers, Blue-winged Teals, Ospreys, numerous swallows, Piliated Woodpeckers, Prothonotary Warblers, Killdeer, Great Egrets, a Sandhill Crane, and Great Blue Herons are some of the interesting birds sighted on trips down the Cahaba River in Perry County. We seined the current of the river and studied several species of fish and insect naiads.

Mouth of Cathey Creek Wading Cathey Creek

Our pilgrimage to see the Cahaba Lilies was a highlight of the summer. Each May these tall white lilies fill the main channel of the river with bright white blossoms and dark green foliage. We drove to Cathey Creek and walked the trail to Lily Shoals. Cathey Creek represent the recharge source of water for the river and we enjoyed wading up this important and pretty little creek. The lilies were in full bloom and our group waded into the river to get a close-up view of these rare plants.

Thomas Wilson and students amoung Cahaba Lilies
Cahaba Lilies Cahaba Lily, image by Ted Whisenhunt

On the walk beside Lily Shoals, we observed a pair of nesting Tennessee Warblers, overhanging Mountain Laurel bushes in full bloom, three species of dogwood trees, Trillium plants, and we nibbled on wild blueberries that locals call huckleberries.

Judson students on Escatawpa River beach

We also canoed the Escatawpa River which flows west of Mobile into Mississippi. This blackwater river has wine-colored water due to tannic acids from cypress trees. The water is red and the beaches are composed of blazing white powdery sand. This shallow swamp river is pristine and a real pleasure to float. Many of our crew did the Escatawpa in kayaks and we spent most of our time on the river in Mississippi.

Escatawpa River
Cypress trees on the Escatawpa River Dr. Wilson recuperates on the Escatawpa River
Cleaning up the Escatawpa River
The Alabama and Tombigbee rivers converge in Washington County producing the Mobile River which flows into the Mobile Delta and eventually forms an expansive estuary that empties into Mobile Bay. This total ecosystem is a major focus of study in the biology program and we annually take a field trip to Dauphin Island and the Dauphin Island Sea Laboratory.
Birding on Dauphin Island Our studies at Dauphin Island included an early morning birding stroll around Fort Gaines and down the barrier island beach. We enjoyed seeing birds such as Rudy Turnstones, Ringed Turtle Doves, Black Skimmers, Oyster Catchers, Snowy Egrets, ForstersTerns, and an unexpected large number of Redheaded Woodpeckers were found in the Audubon Bird Sanctuary.
Our trip on the research vessel US AL Verrill produced an interesting assortment of marine life. Students learned to recognized the five species of Gulf shrimp. They were amazed at the Mantis Shrimp that did look like a Preying Mantis insect. We identified Long-nosed sharks, Sea Robins, Anchovies, Silver Eels, numerous echinoderms, a stingless jelly, White Trout, Ground Mullet, several species of sole, a Hog Choker, rays, skates, and noisy croakers. We watched squid change colors due to the migration of chromatophore cells full of pigments. Again, the grand moment of the voyage was to watch Bottlenosed Dolphin swim and play beside the vessel and in the bow wake of cargo ships in the main channel.
Skate Feeding gulls bycatch
Judson students on the Verrill Dr. Wilson enjoying the ride on the Verrill
The Sand Island Lighthouse hasn’t functioned for years and it is obviously destined for ruin. It is both sad and exciting to pass this old landmark and watch the birds circle the tower and see fishermen cast their lines toward the boulders which were placed around the lighthouse in an effort to postpone the day when the wind and waves claim one of Alabama’s most cherished landmarks.
Sand Island Lighthouse

After a morning of marine biology, we took the ferry from Dauphin Island to Fort Morgan. As we neared the midpoint between Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan, history lessons raced through our minds and we discussed how Admiral Faragut took Fort Gaines in the Civil War. And how Fort Gaines was used in WWII to protect our country from German submarines. Today, the reenactment of the battle of Fort Gaines was underway and the large cannons were firing at regular intervals. Their blast seemed to shake the ferry. We wondered how effective cannons could have been against sailing ships.

Our trip to the southern tip of Alabama was highlighted by a splash in the waters of Gulf Shores. We then visited the Gulf Shores State Park, had a hot shower, and ate supper at the Gulf Shores State Park Convention Center ... an elaborate seafood buffet washed down by pitchers of ice tea... and then the long drive home.

Picnic on Barton's Beach Judson students observe a live mussel in the Cahaba River

Students enjoyed a sneak preview of Barton’s Beach on the Cahaba River. This large sand and gravel bar and surrounding hardwood forest is proposed for a new park along with 400 acres of State land near the Marion Fish Hatchery. Our group hiked to the area through a swamp and spent a wonderful afternoon on the gravel bar. Local people long ago named the gravel bar in honor of O. J. Barton whose family owned the property for decades.

©Judson College, 1999

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